to experience contacts with police and the justice system,.to be exposed to both familial and community violence,.to be placed in foster or substitute care,.Black children living in racially and economically segregated communities are more likely than children in other communities to: Source: The National Child Traumatic Stress Network Example: The intersection of race and complex trauma.īlack children are at very high risk for complex trauma exposure. Traumatic grief – while many children adjust well after death, other children have ongoing difficulties that interfere with everyday life and make it difficult to recall positive memories of their loved ones.Terrorism and violence – families and children may be profoundly affected by mass violence, acts of terrorism, or community trauma in the form of shootings, bombings, or other types of attacks.Sexual abuse – child sexual abuse is any interaction between a child and an adult (or another child) where the child is used for the sexual stimulation of the perpetrator or an observer.Refugee trauma – many refugees, especially children, have experienced trauma related to war or persecution that may affect their mental and physical health long after the events have occurred.Physical abuse – occurs when a parent or caregiver commits an act that results in physical injury to a child or adolescent.Medical trauma – refers to a set of psychological and physiological responses of children and their families to single or multiple medical events.Intimate partner violence (IPV) is also referred to as domestic violence it occurs when an individual purposely causes harm or threatens the risk of harm to a partner or spouse in the household.Early childhood trauma – early childhood trauma generally refers to the traumatic experiences that occur to children aged 0-6.Disasters – includes hurricanes, earthquakes, tornadoes, wildfires, tsunamis, and floods, as well as extreme weather events such as blizzards, droughts, extreme heat, and wind storms.Complex trauma – describes both children’s exposure to multiple traumatic events-often of an invasive, interpersonal nature-and the wide-ranging, long-term effects of this exposure.Community violence – exposure to intentional acts of interpersonal violence in public areas by individuals who are not intimately related to the victim.This can happen at school, in the community or at home. Bullying – deliberate action with the intent of inflicting social, emotional, physical, and/or psychological harm to someone.There are varying theories on the types and causes of trauma, but the most widely known categories when considering child or student trauma are the following: Trauma is defined as “a deeply distressing or disturbing experience.” If that sounds like a broad definition, it is. Adopting a holistic approach to safe and healthy schools. ![]()
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